Which patient demographic is most likely to suffer from a pulmonary embolism?

The correct demographic most likely to suffer from a pulmonary embolism includes the elderly and those undergoing surgery due to several risk factors associated with these groups.

Elderly patients often have multiple co-morbidities such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular diseases, or mobility issues that increase their risk for thromboembolic events, including pulmonary embolisms. Additionally, older adults may have decreased physiological reserves and changes in their vascular systems, making them more susceptible to complications.

Patients undergoing surgery are at higher risk due to immobilization, which can lead to venous stasis, as well as potential trauma or injury that can cause clot formation. Surgical procedures, particularly those involving the hips or knees, enhance this risk because of the manipulation of blood vessels and potential damage to the tissues that may further contribute to clot formation. Post-operative patients are also often less mobile for some time, which contributes to the risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) that can lead to a pulmonary embolism when a clot dislodges.

In contrast, young adults and athletes tend to have a lower risk for pulmonary embolism due to their generally better health status and higher levels of physical activity, which promote good circulation and reduce the likelihood of ven