Which laboratory tests are typically included in the evaluation for perforated viscus?

The comprehensive evaluation for perforated viscus typically includes a variety of laboratory tests that provide essential information about the patient’s hemodynamic status, potential infection, and the function of vital organs. The inclusion of type and crossmatch is crucial since patients with a perforated viscus often require surgical intervention, which may lead to significant blood loss requiring transfusion. Hemoglobin and hematocrit (H/H) levels help assess the extent of blood loss and potential anemia.

The prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) serve to evaluate the coagulation status of the patient, which is particularly important if surgery is anticipated. An elevated white blood cell (WBC) count can indicate infection or inflammation, which is common in cases of perforation. Subsequently, serum lactate levels help assess tissue perfusion and can indicate septicaemia, also frequent in perforated viscus scenarios.

Additionally, measuring lipase levels is important as it helps assess for pancreatitis, which can sometimes complicate or relate to gastrointestinal perforations. Liver function tests (LFTs) and basic metabolic panel (BMP) provide insights into the metabolic state and organ function, which can be affected during an acute illness like this.

This selection