Which laboratory tests are part of the workup for a new-onset seizure?

The workup for a new-onset seizure focuses on identifying potentially reversible causes or underlying conditions that might have triggered the seizure. The correct choice includes a basic metabolic panel, calcium levels, and a head CT, as these tests can provide critical information.

The basic metabolic panel assesses electrolytes, including sodium and potassium levels, which can influence neuronal excitability. Abnormal electrolyte levels, particularly hyponatremia or hypercalcemia, can lead to seizure activity.

Calcium levels are particularly important because both hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia can precipitate seizures. Additionally, imaging studies like a head CT are crucial for ruling out structural abnormalities, such as hemorrhages, tumors, or other acute intracranial processes that might cause seizures.

Other testing options may not directly relate to immediate or acute causes of a seizure. For instance, while complete blood counts and urinalysis can provide information about infection or systemic issues, they are less specific for identifying acute seizure triggers. Liver function tests and chest X-rays may be useful in certain contexts, but they do not directly address common acute causes of seizures as effectively as the tests in the correct answer. Similarly, thyroid function tests and pregnancy tests, while important in specific circumstances, do not provide immediate